JHP Athens Conference
'WE' AND 'OTHERS' - what we can read in the history
textbooks in the countries of the former Yugoslavia region
SEE YOU IN THE NEXT WAR
Author Milivoj Djilas
All the nations of the former Yugoslavia want to present
their Balkan history as a process of fighting for national independence
in which the other nations was interfering. Slovenian and Croatian history
textbooks present Yugoslavia as a 'prison of nations' which served to
Serbian hegemony and economic exploitation. Serbian history textbooks
accuses Yugoslavia for encouraging Croatian separatism which were stopping
positive progress of the country, as well as Macedonians blame the former
Yugoslavia for their denationalization.
'CLIO IN THE BALKANS'
Non -governmenatal organization The Center for Democracy
and Reconciliation in Southeast Europe established in Thessaloniki, recently
published the book 'Clio in the Balkans' which presents the results of
the three-years research on the quality of history teaching in the schools
of the region and comparative analysis of the history textbooks.
The research has shown that history taught in the Balkan
schools has been mostly ethnocentric and conflictual. That was the main
motive for initiating The International Conference called: 'The Southeast
European Joint History Project' that took place in Athens in April.
The whole project where participated some of the most distinguished
historians of the region was organized by The Center for Democracy and
Reconciliation in Southeast Europe.
The seven workshops have been organized in order to discuss
the possible changes in approaching to history teaching.
Taking into account the fact that the issues addressed
at The Conference were non-political but mostly cultural, it had been
huge condemnation that some Ministries of education, like Croatian, had
failed to send their representatives to The Conference.
EXTIRPATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY AND 'HISTORICAL CHARACTERISTICS'
The foundation of national identity and historical awereness
in the most history textbooks in the countries of the former Yugoslavia
region are established through manipulation with historical facts.
Interpretations of historical facts are based mostly on
specific expression of desired images about the 'others'. For example,
the reasons for disintegration of former Yugoslavia Serbian and Montenegrin
textbooks see in separatism of Slovenia and Croatia which was helped by
The International Community, and at the same time Slovenia and Croatia
blame Serbian hegemony and chauvinism.
The common characteristics in approaching history in the
countries of the region are nations which based their model on romanticist
assumptions stemming from the image about glorious national past, tradition,
national culture and the 'others' who were always obstruction in realization
of national aspirations.
If judging in accordance with history textbooks, there
is not a question if it is going to be a next war, but when it is going
to happen.
'SLOBODNA DALMACIJA'
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